Vol.5-s3(Special Issue) @@ @@@@
January 1/2000
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Kyoshinken Review
Jewels among stones in Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology
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Issued Kazuolly by Kazuo MORI@Shinshu-U
kazmori@gipnc.shinshu-u.ac.jp
http://zenkoji.shinshu-u.ac.jp/mori/kr/krhp-e.html
Contents of Vol.47 No.3 of JJEP
Kayoko KURITA
Robustness of the t Test and Power Analysis for Non-Independence of Observations: A Verification of Simulation Results with Actual Data.
Two studies were carried out to investigate the robustness and power of statistical tests. In Study 1, the relationship between the outcome with actual data and that with simulated data in terms of the robustness of the t test on Type I error rate and power against violating the independence assumption was tested. The results with simulated data almost completely predicted those with actual data collected by The University of The Air Japan in 1995. In Study 2, the effects of combining items into a scale were analysed. The results revealed that increasing the number of items in a scale would decrease the robustness on Type I error but increase the robustness on power.
Influence of Interpersonal Relations on Emotional Expression: Developmental Changes in Middle Childhood.
[Not Worth Reading]
Hiromichi URABE & Kaoru SASAKI
Students' Whispering in Class: A Field Study.
[Not Worth Reading]
Yoshiko SHIMONAKA & Katsuharu NAKAZATO
Personality in Old Age: Longitudial Study of Personality Change.
Stability and change in personality of Japanese senior citizens were investigated by analysing the data from sentence completion tests and Barron's ego-strength scales of 90 participants (32 males and 58 females) at ages of 70, 80, and 85. The results suggest that personality continues to develop even after 70 years of age, and that ego function influences the maintenance of current positive self-concept, which in turn influences their survival.
(For further information; fax to Yoshiko SHIMONAKA, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, +81-3-3579-4776)
Chika NATSUBORI
Creativity of Story Creation in Elementary School Children: Problem-Solving Structure.
[Not Worth Reading]
Noriko TAKAI
Developmental Process of the Attitude Toward Life: From the Viewpoint of Interpersonal Relationships.
[Not Worth Reading]
Jun MINAGAWA
Effect of Making Linking Labels in Concept Mapping.
[Not Worth Reading]
Shigeki SAKATA, Wakaho OTOYAMA, & Takeshi FURUYA
Psychological Stress Processes: Development of a Stressor Scale for Student Teachers.
[Not Worth Reading]
Hiroko ITO & Yuichi WADA
Retrieving Kanji from Memory by Free Recall: Cues Used by Foreigners.
Forty-two foreigners at different levels of knowledge of kanji, and 12 Japanese natives were asked to retrieve kanji from memory as many as possible in 15 minutes. They were then asked about what cues they had used to retrieve them. Those with greater kanji proficiency used semantic cues more than graphical cues.
(For further information; fax to Hiroko ITO, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, +81-22-217-5815)
Toru GOUSHIKI
Preschool Children's Understanding of Self-Mind and Other-Mind Using "Theory of Mind" Tasks.
Two experiments were carried out to investigate how children understand minds. In Exp.1, 63 children (3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) took part in 3 different versions of tasks equivalent to "Smarties" tasks of Perner et al(1987); a standard task, a situation-change task, and a multiple-meaning-figure task. In Exp.2, 28 children (3- and 4-year-olds) performed the multiple-meaning-figure task and a false-belief task of Wimmer & Perner(1983). The results were interpreted that children seemed to understand self-mind and other-mind in the same developmental period.
Inferences of Word Meaning from Derivation and Acquisition of Foreign Language Vocabulary.
[Not Worth Reading]
Miki TOYAMA & Shigeo SAKURAI
Daily Hassles and Uplifts, and College Students' Health: Focusing on Daily Uplifts.
The alleviation effect of daily uplifts (positive incidents) on the stress responses of college students was investigated using a newly designed "Daily Hassles and Uplifts Scale" and the Stress Response Scale of Okayasu et al(1992) administered to 406 Japanese undergraduates. Factor analysis of the 40 items of the new scale yielded 6 factors that could be grouped into two; four negative factors and two positive ones. Multiple regression analysis supported previous results that daily hassles would harm health, as well as the present hypothesis that daily uplifts would promote health.